Simone关于台风的英语简介，急！！！！
的有关信息介绍如下：
P.S.维基百科上面摘来的。英文部分我已经帮你编辑了一下。中文部分是从中文维基百科里边摘录下来的有关资料，并不是直接翻译。：）
Pacific typhoon refers to tropical cyclones forming in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Other tropical cyclones include hurricanes that form over the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, or the Pacific Ocean north of the equator and east of the Date Line. The basin is demarcated within the Pacific Ocean from Asia, north of the equator, and west of the international date line. Storms from the Eastern and Central Pacific crossing the date line are re-designated as typhoons. This basin features the strongest cyclones on record.
台风是热带气旋的一个类别。其他热带气旋包括了大西洋、加勒比海、墨西哥湾、或者太平洋北部的赤道以及国际日期线东部的龙卷风。在气象学上，按世界气象组织定义：热带气旋中心持续风速达到12级（即每秒32.7米或以上）称为飓风（hurricane）或本地近义字（local synonym），飓风的名称使用在北大西洋及东太平洋；而北太平洋西部（赤道以北，国际日期线以西，东经100度以东）使用的近义字是台风（typhoon）。在台湾、日本等地，则将中心持续风速每秒17.2米以上的热带气旋（包括世界气象组织定义中的热带风暴、强烈热带风暴和台风）皆称为台风。在某些地区的非正式场合，“台风”甚至泛指包括热带低气压、热带风暴、强烈热带风暴和台风等所有在北太平洋西部出现的热带气旋。
Typhoon seasons include the entirety of the calendar year. Most storms tend to form between May and November, with peak months from August to October. The peak months correspond to that of the Atlantic hurricane seasons.
据美国军方联合台风警报中心统计1959年至2004年间西太平洋及南海海域的台风发生的个数与月份，平均每年有17.7个台风生成，出现最多台风的月分是八月，其次是七月和九月。
Typhoon paths follow three general directions:
-Straight: A general westward path affects the Philippines, southern China, and Vietnam.
-Recurving: Storms recurving affect eastern China, Korea, and Japan.
-Northward: From point of origin, the storm follows a northerly direction, only affecting small islands.
台风的移动路径大约可分为三种：
西进型
热带气旋在菲律宾以东形成后，向西移动，并逐渐稍为偏北。于不同纬度生成的热带气旋所经过的地区不一。纬度较低时会横过菲律宾后进入南中国海，最后在中华人民共和国广东、海南，或越南登陆。纬度较高时可以经过巴士海峡，影响中华民国台湾，然后在中华人民共和国广东、福建登陆。由于冬、春两季，副高位处较南，所以每年11月至5月的台风生成纬度较低，路径亦会偏南，一般只在北纬16度以南进入南中国海，最后在越南登陆，间中亦影响泰国，甚至进入孟加拉湾，例如1989年的台风盖伊。
转向型
热带气旋在菲律宾以东或关岛附近形成后，先向西北偏西移动，至北纬15至30度附近转向西北，最后转向北和东北，成一抛物线。在11月至5月，多数转向型热带气旋在东经130度以东的太平洋上转向北，较少登陆东亚陆地，主要影响太平洋上的岛屿。6月和10至11月的转向型热带气旋亦多数在海上转向。7至8月的热带气旋在较北、较西的地方转向，途径可以影响中华民国台湾、东海或中华人民共和国东部沿岸浙江、江苏等地，转向后可以影响朝鲜半岛和日本等地。
西北型
路径和西行型接近，但向北分量增加。西北型台风可以横过中华民国台湾或穿越巴士海峡、之后在中华人民共和国广东及福建沿岸登陆；亦可能经过琉球群岛，在中华人民共和国浙江、江苏一带沿海登陆。这种路径的台风多数出现于每年盛夏七至八月间。
The list of names of typhoon consists of entries from 14 East Asian nations and the United States who have territories directly affected by typhoons. The submitted names are arranged into five lists; and each list is cycled with each year. Unlike the hurricanes, typhoons are not named after people. Instead, they generally refer to animals, flowers, astrological signs, and a few personal names. However, PAGASA (Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration ), one of the agencies monitoring typhoons, retains its own naming list, which does consist of human names. Therefore, a typhoon can possibly have two names. Storms that cross the date line from the Central Pacific retain their original name, but the designation of hurricane becomes typhoon.
因为海洋上可能同时出现多个热带气旋（在西北太平洋，最高记录是5个同时存在，这也是全球的记录），美国军方于关岛上设置的联合台风警报中心（现已移至夏威夷），在二次大战习惯对热带气旋给予名字，方便识别。最初的名字全为女性，后来在1979年加入男性名字。从1947年至1999年，北太平洋西部及南海区域的热带气旋非正式地采用上述名字。
早在20世纪初至中期，中华人民共和国、中华民国台湾和日本已自行为区内的热带气旋编配一个4位数字编号，编号首2位为年份，后2位为该年顺序号。例如0312，即2003年第12号热带气旋。而美国海军则为整个西北太平洋内的热带气旋编配一个两位数字编号（后来改成两位数字加上英文字母w）。
为减少混乱，日本在1981年获委托为每个西北太平洋及南海区域内的达到热带风暴强度的热带气旋编配一个国际编号，但容许其他地区继续自行给予编号。自此，在大部分国际发布中，发布机构会把国际编号放在括号内（JTWC除外）。但是，各气象机构有时对热带气旋的编号会有差别，主要是因为其对热带气旋强度的评估有所不同。例如在2006年风季，中国气象局曾对一个未被日本气象厅命名的风暴（中国气象局的0614）编号，因此在余下的风季，前者的编号都比后者的多出一个。
由2000年开始，西北太平洋的热带气旋命名表由世界气象组织台风委员会（英语：WMO Typhoon Committee）制订。共有五份命名表分别由14个委员国各提供两个名字组成，名字会由所提供国家的英文国名顺序使用。不同于大西洋及东北太平洋，循环使用（即用完140个后名称，回到第一个重新开始）。日本气象厅会同时根据这一套新名单为这些热带气旋命名。这些名字及编号除了用于为国际航空及航海界发放的预测和警报外，亦是向国际媒体发放热带气旋消息时采用的规范名称。
A tropical cyclone is a storm system characterized by a low pressure center and numerous thunderstorms that produce strong winds and flooding rain. A tropical cyclone feeds on the heat released when moist air rises and the water vapor it contains condenses. They are fueled by a different heat mechanism than other cyclonic windstorms such as nor'easters, European windstorms, and polar lows, leading to their classification as "warm core" storm systems.
Pacific typhoon refers to tropical cyclones forming in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. The basin is demarcated within the Pacific Ocean from Asia, north of the equator, and west of the international date line. Storms from the Eastern and Central Pacific crossing the date line are re-designated as typhoons. This basin features the strongest cyclones on record.
Typhoon seasons include the entirety of the calendar year. Most storms tend to form between May and November.
Climatology
Nearly one-third of the world's tropical cyclones form within the Western Pacific. This makes this basin the most active.
[edit] Storm Frequency
Tropical storms and Typhoons by month, for the period 1959-2005 (Northwest Pacific) Month Count Average
Jan 28 0.6
Feb 15 0.3
Mar 26 0.6
Apr 39 0.8
May 64 1.4
Jun 96 2.0
Jul 215 4.6
Aug 312 6.6
Sep 262 5.6
Oct 219 4.7
Nov 134 2.9
Dec 75 1.6
Annual 1484 31.6
Source: JTWC
Pacific typhoons have formed year round, with peak months from August to October. The peak months correspond to that of the Atlantic hurricane seasons.
[edit] Record Intensity
Along with a high storm frequency, this basin also features the most globally intense storms on record. The following are storms reaching an intensity of 878 mbar or below.
Rank Name Pressure Location Year
1 Typhoon Tip 870 mbar Western Pacific 1979
2 Typhoon Gay 872 mbar Western Pacific 1992*
2 Typhoon Ivan 872 mbar Western Pacific 1997*
2 Typhoon Joan 872 mbar Western Pacific 1997*
2 Typhoon Keith 872 mbar Western Pacific 1997*
2 Typhoon Zeb 872 mbar Western Pacific 1998*
7 Typhoon June 875 mbar Western Pacific 1975
8 Typhoon Ida 877 mbar Western Pacific 1958
8 Typhoon Nora 877 mbar Western Pacific 1973
10 Typhoon Rita 878 mbar Western Pacific 1978
10 Typhoon Yvette 878 mbar Western Pacific 1992*
10 Typhoon Damrey 878 mbar Western Pacific 2000*
*Minimum central pressure of these storms was estimated based on satellite data rather than directly measured.
Paths
Typhoon paths follow three general directions.
Straight. A general westward path affects the Philippines, southern China, and Vietnam.
Recurving. Storms recurving affect eastern China, Korea, and Japan.
Northward. From point of origin, the storm follows a northerly direction, only affecting small islands.
[edit] Basin monitoring
The following agencies monitor typhoons:
Joint Typhoon Warning Center
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)
RSMC Tokyo-Typhoon Center, part of the Japan Meteorological Agency
[edit] Name sources
The list of names consist of entries from 14 East Asian nations and the United States who have territories directly affected by typhoons. The submitted names are arranged into five lists; and each list is cycled with each year. Unlike the hurricanes, typhoons are not named after people. Instead, they generally refer to animals, flowers, astrological signs, and a few personal names. However, PAGASA retains its own naming list, which does consist of human names. Therefore, a typhoon can possibly have two names. Storms that cross the date line from the Central Pacific retain their original name, but the designation of hurricane becomes typhoon.
